1954: Polio Vaccine
1954: Polio vaccine was tested on one million children aged six to nine. In April 1955 the vaccine was deemed “safe and effective” by NIH; the vaccine was hailed as a medical triumph of the 20th century.
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1974: National Research Act
1974: President Nixon signed the National Research Act establishes National Commission for the Protection of Human subjects, requiring Public Health Service to promulgate regulations for the protection of human subjects. Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations, later known as “The Common Rule,” requires the appointment and utilization of…
1950: US Army sprays bacteria over San Francisco
1950: U.S. Army secretly used a Navy ship outside the Golden Gate to spray supposedly harmless bacteria over San Francisco and its outskirts. Eleven people were sickened by the germs, and one of them died.
1974–1994: Norwegian sterilization experiments on mentally retarded used radiation
The experiments were conducted with the cooperation and funding from the US government. [US and Norway Used Insane for Nazi-style Tests, London Times, 1998 cited by International Campaign to End Human Rights Violations Involving Classified New Weapons of Mass Destruction: Electromagnetic and Neurological Technologies by Cheryl Welsh, 1999–2000]
1950–1952: DES a synthetic estrogen tested on pregnant women without their consent
DES (diethylstilbestrol) is a man-made form of estrogen which has proven to be very harmful to developing female fetuses in the womb. At the University of Chicago, every pregnant woman at the University’s Lying-In Hospital (1,646) was a test subject for a DES experiment without their knowledge or consent. Half…
1954: The Doolittle Report, heightened fear and prospect of annihilation by Soviet Union
The Doolittle Report was alarmist and heightened fear of the prospect of annihilation by the Soviet Union; it justified the suspension of longstanding American concepts of “fair play” and lent legitimacy to the Covert Activities of the CIA: We are facing an implacable enemy whose avowed object is world domination…
1941–1958: Infectious disease experiments: institutionalized children “canaries in the mines”
1941–1945: U.S. Committee on Medical Research (CMR) was dedicated to wartime medicine; it funded and coordinated 137 institutions in the US that conducted research — including chemical warfare agents and prevention of infectious diseases tested on prisoners and children. CMR-funded infectious disease experiments: institutionalized children were used as “canaries in…