1940s: Fiendish “Refrigeration” experiments on mental patients at Harvard, U. of Cincinnati

A series of fiendish Hypothermia experiments subjected mental patients for prolonged periods to freezing temperatures. They were conducted by prominent psychiatrists at Harvard University’s McLean Hospital and the University of Cincinnati. DB Dill, MD, and WH Forbes, MD, described the procedure for freezing human beings in their published journal report:…

1942: Edward Cohn, MD, a Harvard biochemist injected prisoners with beef blood

Edward Cohn, MD, a Harvard biochemist injected 64 Massachusetts prisoners with beef blood in an experiment sponsored by the U.S. Navy. The antigenic irritants in bovine serum albumin could not be purified away biochemically, dooming the medical utility of the bovine protein for the casualties of war. The rejection of…

1941–1958: Infectious disease experiments: institutionalized children “canaries in the mines”

1941–1945: U.S. Committee on Medical Research (CMR) was dedicated to wartime medicine; it funded and coordinated 137 institutions in the US that conducted research — including chemical warfare agents and prevention of infectious diseases tested on prisoners and children. CMR-funded infectious disease experiments: institutionalized children were used as “canaries in…

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1942–1969: Dr. Lauretta Bender, child psychiatrist from Hell

Child psychiatrist, Dr. Lauretta Bender, began her experimental electroshock “treatments” in children in 1942 at Bellevue Hospital. She experimented extensively on helpless children whom she “diagnosed” with “autistic schizophrenia.” Some of the children were as young as 3 years of age. She used multiple electroshock (ECT) “treatments” at Bellevue Hospital…

1944: The largest malaria experiment involved 800 prisoners

US Army and State Department funded a crash program to develop new drugs against malaria. The largest single CMR malaria experiment involved 800 prisoners at federal penitentiary in Atlanta, New Jersey State Reformatory and Illinois State Penitentiary. A series of experiments were conducted at Stateville Penitentiary by medical researchers from…

1945: Sterilization tally in the USA; in Nazi Germany

1945: “Sterilization of the Insane in the USA” a report in The Lancet based on information published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reported that in the U.S. 77,878 people were sterilized: 20,063 (1907 to 1934); 15,815 (1935–1940); More than 42,000 (1941–1943) California led the pack with over…

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August 20, 1947: Judgment at Nuremberg

August 20, 1947: Judgment at Nuremberg: 16 out of 23 doctors were found guilty of crimes against humanity. The Nuremberg verdict also set forth the parameters of “Permissible Medical Experiments” known as the Nuremberg Code. The Nuremberg Code laid the foundation for biomedical ethics mandating that medical experiments conducted on human…

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1947: U.S. Government-Sponsored Human Experiments Disregard Nuremberg Standards

American public health officials and the medical community pretended that the Nuremberg Code did not apply to American medical researchers. The assumption was that the physicians who had conducted heinous experiments had been Nazi doctors in Germany; and they rationalized that most of the rogue doctors had been held accountable…

1948: The CIA begins its secret study of LSD

The CIA begins its secret study of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) purchased from Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, as a potential weapon for use by American intelligence. The CIA in consultation with Sandoz explored LSD’s possible defensive and offensive uses. Both civilian and military human subjects were used, most without their knowledge. Read…