1947–1953: Project CHATTER

Chester M. Southam, MD, a noted immunologist at Sloan-Kettering Institute sought to study the human immunity response to cancer. He obtained funding from the government and injected live cancer cells into 14 patients with advanced cancer and into healthy convicts at Ohio State Prison. The study in prisoners was designed…

1966: Bacillus Globigii released into New York subway tunnels in an Army–CIA field study Bacillus Globigii was released into New York subway tunnels in an Army / CIA field study, exposing thousands of civilians. (Operation Bacterium) US Government Admits Testing Biological Agents on US Cities.

John Neefe and Joseph Stokes, Jr. conducted a hepatitis experiment in which prisoners in New Jersey State Prison were fed hepatic liver and hepatic feces. “The authors describe the blending of hepatic liver and hepatic feces in a Warring Blender to create “liver suspension in sterile beef heart infusion broth”…

In 1978–1981, the CDC conducted a hepatitis B vaccine experiment on homosexual men living in New York City, San Francisco and Los Angeles. HIV/AIDS was first detected among the participants in the CDC hepatitis B vaccine trial and quickly spread throughout the gay community in those cities. A body of…

Part 4. U.S. WWII and Cold War Era Experiments  Abstract Discussion [after Algernon B. Reese, M.D] Re: Persistence and Hyperplasia of Primary Vitreous: Retrolental Fibroplasia in Archives of Ophthalmology, Vol 41, May 1949 Manny Bekier. Ethical Considerations of Medical Experimentation on Human Subjects, 2010. John Breeding. Electroshocking Children, 2014. Alan…

1966: Animal Welfare Act establishes ethical use of laboratory animals in research. There is no law protecting human research subjects from unethical experimentation. 1966: Henry Beecher’s article “Ethics and Clinical Research” in New England Journal of Medicine identified 50 unethical clinical studies. But it would be eight years before a…