1972: “Syphilis Victims in U.S. Study Went Untreated for 40 Years.”

1950: Dr. Joseph Stokes of the University of Pennsylvania deliberately infected 200 women prisoners with viral hepatitis. (Acres of Skin, 1998)

The “Monster Experiment” was conceived by and conducted under the supervision of Dr. Wendell Johnson, one of the nation’s most prominent speech pathologists. The experiment induced stuttering in twenty-two children living at the Iowa Soldiers’ Orphans’ Home in Davenport. It was designed to test Dr. Johnson’s theory about the cause…

1947–1953: U.S. Navy Project CHATTER focused on identifying and testing drugs for interrogations and recruitment of intelligence agents. CIA Mind Control

NIH Multi-Site Cooperative Study of Retrolental Fibroplasia (RLF, later called, ROP), a form of blindness in premature babies was conducted at 18 hospitals nationwide. The first recorded case of RLF in a premature baby was in 1942 in Boston, decades after premature babies had been routinely provided unrestricted oxygen during…

1966: NIH Office for Protection of Research Subjects (OPRR) created Policies for the Protection of Human Subjects calling for the establishment of independent review bodies later known as Institutional Review Boards.